; FARS ;-------------------------------------------------------------------- ;! Faraday rotation synthesys based on the brightness vs wavelength ;# TASK ANALYSIS POLARIZATION ;-------------------------------------------------------------------- ;; Copyright (C) 2009-2012, 2014 ;; Associated Universities, Inc. Washington DC, USA. ;; ;; This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or ;; modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as ;; published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of ;; the License, or (at your option) any later version. ;; ;; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, ;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of ;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the ;; GNU General Public License for more details. ;; ;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public ;; License along with this program; if not, write to the Free ;; Software Foundation, Inc., 675 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, ;; MA 02139, USA. ;; ;; Correspondence concerning AIPS should be addressed as follows: ;; Internet email: aipsmail@nrao.edu. ;; Postal address: AIPS Project Office ;; National Radio Astronomy Observatory ;; 520 Edgemont Road ;; Charlottesville, VA 22903-2475 USA ;----------------------------------------------------------------------- FARS LLLLLLLLLLLLUUUUUUUUUUUU CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC FARS: Task to create Faraday rotation measure image INNAME First image name INCLASS First image class INSEQ 0.0 9999.0 First image seq. # INDISK 0.0 9.0 First image disk drive # IN2NAME Second image name IN2CLASS Second image class IN2SEQ 0.0 9999.0 Second image seq. # IN2DISK 0.0 9.0 Second image disk drive # OUTNAME First output image name OUTSEQ -1.0 9999.0 First output image seq. # OUTDISK 0.0 9.0 First output image disk # INFILE Input file of weights DOALIGN -2.0 1.0 Should images be coincident? (See HELP.) BLC 0.0 4096.0 Bottom left corner TRC 0.0 4096.0 Top right corner See help for the 1st axis (must be frequencies!!!) APARM Parameters for algorithm: 1 number of pixels at half of the Fourier transform output The whole number is 2*APARM(1)+1 2 cell size in 1/m^2 0 => PI/(4*(Lmax^2-Lmin^2)) Lmax,Lmin-max,min lambda at the data 3 0 => regular output 1 => output is RMTF 4 0=> CLEANed Fourier transform 1=> unCLEANed Fourier transform 5 0=>original(shifted back) RE/IM are sent out 1=>the shifted RE/IM are sent out 2=>amplitude and phase of the data are sent out 6 is not used 7 0=> convolve the clean components 1=> no convolve 8 0=> use the Gaussian as the convolve function 1=> use the Re of RMTF as the convolve function 9 full width of Gaussian convolve function, at 0.5 level, in 1/m^2 0 => fit to real RMTF 10 what send to output? 0 => sum of CLEAN and residual 1 => CLEAN result 2 => residual GAIN Gain in the CLEAN NITER Maximum number of clean components FLUX Minimum flux of clean component (Jy) DOHIST -3.0 1.0 -2 => copy 1st HI only -3 => copy no HI files PRTLEV Number of Cleans to print ---------------------------------------------------------------- FARS Type: Task The measured brightness at the given set of lambda^2 is related with the brightness distribution as a function of Faraday rotation depth through the Fourier transform. The solve of the inverse problem: "Evaluation of the brightness distribution as a function of Faraday rotation depth using the measured brightness at the given set of lambda^2 " got the name "Faraday Rotation Synthesis". The task FARS carries out solution of this problem. The RUN file named DOFARS defines a procedure that will do the initial transposes and find the weights text file, run FARS, delete the transposed input cubes, and transpose the output cubes to yield 4 output cubes in all. Adverbs: INNAME......First image name. Q-polarization. Standard defaults. INCLASS.....First image class. Standard defaults. INSEQ.......First image seq. #. 0 => highest. INDISK......Disk drive # for the first image. 0 => any. IN2NAME.....Second image name. U-polarization. Standard defaults. IN2CLASS....Second image class. Standard defaults. IN2SEQ......Second image seq. #. 0 => highest. IN2DISK.....Disk drive # for the second image. 0 => any. OUTNAME.....Output image name. Real part. Standard defaults. Output image class for first image 'FARSre' or 'FARSam' Output image class for second image 'FARSim' or 'FARSph' OUTSEQ......Output image seq. #. 0 => highest unique. OUTDISK.....Output disk number. 0 => highest with space. INFILE......Name of the user-supplied file to defining weights of the different frequencies data. The sequence of the weights must correspond to the sequence of frequencies at the input cubes. The weights has to be arranged in rows of 80 byte long. The weights should be separated any number of blanks (1 is preferable). Each weight must be represented by integer between 0 and 99. Although any integer is accepted. DOALIGN.....Controls how the two input images are to be aligned True (>.1) means that the images must agree in their coordinates, though not necessarily in the reference pixel position. Alignment is by coordinate values (if DOALIGN > -0.1) or by offsets from the reference pixel positions (if DOALIGN <= -0.1). NOTE: all real axes (>1 point) are aligned. If DOALIGN = -2, the headers are ignored and the images are aligned at pixel (1,1,...). (see HELP DOALIGN). BLC.........Bottom left corner of the 1st input image. The other images are aligned by coordinates (see DOALIGN) on all axes having > 1 point. The second image may have fewer real axes than the 1st. The 2 windows must have the same dimension on the first 2 axes, but the task will select a smaller window than was specified if needed to overlap the 2 images. The first axis (must be frequency. Use TRANS if not!!!) is controlled by BLC, TRC only for input data. The output data for the first axis is controlled by APARM(1,2,4) TRC.........Top right corner of input images. (See BLC.) APARM.......Parameters needed for algorithm: APARM(1) number of pixels at half of the Fourier transform output The whole number is 2*APARM(1)+1 with zero at the center. The value of APARM(1) should be chosen in accordance of expected range of the Faraday rotation measures and value of CELL (APARM(2)) APARM(2) cell size of the outputs, in 1/m^2 The cell is recomended to be less or around the default value (pi)/4/(lambda^2max - lambda^2min) APARM(3) 0 => regular outputs 1 => outputs are RMTF APARM(4) 0=> CLEANed Fourier transform, using inputs: NITER, FLUX, GAIN. The CLEAN uses the shifed (at lambda^2) data but the cleaned components correspond to the original lambda^2 RE is recorded to the first output IM is recorded to the second output 1=> the uncleaned Fourier transform is recorded RE is recorded to the first output IM is recorded to the second output APARM(5) 0=>original data (RE and IM) are used at the Fourier transform 1=> the shifted (to the center) data (RE, IM) are used at the Fourier transform. This option allows better discrimination of different features at the Fourier transform. 2=> amplitude and phase of the data are sent out. APARM(6) is not used APARM(7) 0=> convolve the clean components 1 => no convolve; So just the set of the clean components is sent to the output files No convolution is forced if: uncleaned Fourier is sent out (APARM(4)=1) APARM(8) 0=> use the Gaussian as the convolve function 1=> use the Re of RMTF as the convolve function APARM(9) full width of the Gaussian convolve function, at the 0.5 level, in 1/m^2 0 -> fit the real part of the RMTF. APARM(10) What send to the output? 0 => sum of CLEAN and residual 1 => CLEAN result 2 => residual GAIN........Gain in the CLEAN NITER.......Maximum number of clean components 0 => 1 FLUX........Minimum Clean component (Jy) The task can subtract the given number of complex components. On each iteration, the maximum (and its position) of the spectrum amplitude is determined. The complex function RMTF is multiplied by the complex value of the spectrum at the position of the found amplitude maximum and by GAIN. The found function(production) is put by its median on the position of found amplitude maximum, and is subtracted from the having evaluated spectrum. The process of the subtraction is terminated having achieved number of iterations NITER or the flux FLUX. DOHIST......Normally the HI file of input 1 is copied to the output history file and the HI file of the second input is appended. The history of the Q and U cubes may be very similar, so to avoid having the file grow exponentially DOHIST = -2 => copy the first HI file only. DOHIST = -3 => copy no HI file, write FARS HI only. PRTLEV......> 0 => Number of Cleans to print. <= 0 -> none. ---------------------------------------------------------------- FARS: Task to solve Faraday Rotation Synthesys problem DOCUMENTOR: L. Kogan RELATED PROGRAMS: The main ideas of the algorithm are described by B.J. Burn at: MNRAS, 133, 67, 1966 and M.A.Brentjens and A.G.de Bruyn at: Astronomy & Astrophysics, 441, 1217-1228(2005) FARS read the two input cube images which should have identical structure. The first axis of the cubes must be FREQ!!!!!! If not the task 'TRANS' should be used to achieve this order. The first cube should correspond to the Q-linear polarization component. The second cube should correspond to the U-linear polarization component. The purpose of the task is to get the brightness distribution (for each pixel at RA-DEC plane) corresponded to the given Fraday rotation depth. The multi frequency observations are required to get this purpose. The task forms complex function of wavelength squares (the first input is real part, the second input is imaginary part) For each pixel at the image plane, FARS carries out the Fourier transform along the frequency (lambda square) axis. This Fourier transform converts the observed complex brightness as a function of the lambda^2 to the output complex function of the Faraday rotation depth. The Fourier transform can be directed to the outputs directly or being cleaned. The real part of the output is recorded into the first output file and the imaginary part of this output is recorded in the second output file. The input data are determined at the positive set of lambda^2. The output of the Fourier transform (complex function) is the convolution of the actual brightness (as a function of the Faraday depth) and the so called Rotation Measure Transfer Function (RMTF). The RMTF is one dimensional Fourier transform of the lambda^2 sampling function. RMTF is similar to dirty beam at the image synthesis. The dirty beam is real function because the brightness distribution is a real function. RMTF is a complex function, but it's imaginary part can be zeroed at the vicinity of zero Faraday depth if we shift the origin of the lambda^2 set to the median. The more distribution of the lambda^2 is homogeneous the wider is area where imaginary part of RMTF is equal zero. FARS carries out all calculation with the centered data, and then rotates the outputs by the phase corresponded to the central lambda^2. The output (RE, IM) can be shifted back to the original lambda^2 distribution or not (or amplitude can be sent to the output) under control of APARM(5). It is supposed the images for each of the frequencies are available The example of the typical image header is following: AIPS 1: ---------------------------------------------------------------- AIPS 1: Type Pixels Coord value at Pixel Coord incr Rotat AIPS 1: RA---SIN 2048 12 28 16.418 1024.00 -0.100000 0.00 AIPS 1: DEC--SIN 1024 12 39 58.294 513.00 0.100000 0.00 AIPS 1: FREQ 1 8.0851000E+09 1.00 5.0000000E+07 0.00 AIPS 1: STOKES 1 2.0000000E+00 1.00 1.0000000E+00 0.00 The images for different frequencies should be combined in the cube using the AIPS task MCUBE (or better MQUBE). The recommended inputs for MCUBE are following: AIPS 1: MCUBE: Task to collect a set of n-dim maps into a (n+1)-dim map AIPS 1: Adverbs Values Comments AIPS 1: ---------------------------------------------------------------- AIPS 1: INNAME 'M87X' Input name(name). AIPS 1: INCLASS 'Q-COS' Input name(class). AIPS 1: INSEQ 1 Input name(seq. #). 0=>high AIPS 1: First sequence # in the set AIPS 1: INDISK 3 Input disk drive #. 0=>any AIPS 1: IN2SEQ 0 Last sequence # in set. AIPS 1: IN3SEQ 0 Sequence # increment. AIPS 1: OUTNAME 'M87XCUBE' Output name(name). AIPS 1: OUTCLASS 'Q-COS' Output name(class). AIPS 1: OUTSEQ 0 Output name(seq. #). AIPS 1: 0 => highest unique AIPS 1: OUTDISK 3 Output image disk drive # AIPS 1: 0 => highest with space AIPS 1: DOALIGN 0 Alignment control parm AIPS 1: AXREF 1 n+1 axis pixel of map INSEQ. AIPS 1: 0 => 1 AIPS 1: AX2REF 0 n+1 axis pixel of map IN2SEQ AIPS 1: 0 => opposite end from INSEQ AIPS 1: NPOINTS 4 Number of pixels on axis n+1 AIPS 1: DOCONCAT 2 > 1 => make a SEQ.NUM or AIPS 1: NPOINTS is the number of combined images, which should be prepared under the same NAME and CLASS but with different INSEQ=1,2,3,4 The output cube image should have the following axes at the image header: AIPS 1: ---------------------------------------------------------------- AIPS 1: Type Pixels Coord value at Pixel Coord incr Rotat AIPS 1: RA---SIN 2048 12 28 16.418 1024.00 -0.100000 0.00 AIPS 1: DEC--SIN 1024 12 39 58.294 513.00 0.100000 0.00 AIPS 1: FQID 4 1.0000000E+00 1.00 1.0000000E+00 0.00 AIPS 1: STOKES 1 2.0000000E+00 1.00 1.0000000E+00 0.00 AIPS 1: FREQ 1 8.0851000E+09 1.00 5.0000000E+07 0.00 AIPS 1: ---------------------------------------------------------------- The axis 'FQID' reports the number of frequencies at the cube. The axis 'FREQ' reports the reference frequency. The actual frequencies are the sum of the reference frequency and the ofcets given at the FQ table created by MCUBE. FARS requires another sequence of axes!!! So the AIPS task TRANS should be applied to get it. The example of TRANS inputs is following: AIPS 1: TRANS: Task to transpose a subimage of an up to 7-dim. image AIPS 1: Adverbs Values Comments AIPS 1: ---------------------------------------------------------------- AIPS 1: INNAME 'M87XCUBE' Input name(name). AIPS 1: INCLASS 'Q-COS' Input name(class). AIPS 1: INSEQ 1 Input name(seq. #). 0=>high AIPS 1: INDISK 3 Input disk drive #. 0=>any AIPS 1: OUTNAME 'M87XTRANS' Output name(name). AIPS 1: OUTCLASS 'Q-COS' Output name(class). AIPS 1: OUTSEQ 0 Output name(seq. #). AIPS 1: 0 => highest unique AIPS 1: OUTDISK 3 Output image disk drive # AIPS 1: 0 => highest with room AIPS 1: BLC *all 0 Bottom left corner of image AIPS 1: 0 => entire image AIPS 1: TRC *all 0 Top right corner of image AIPS 1: 0 => entire image AIPS 1: TRANSCOD '31245' New axis order in terms of AIPS 1: input axis numbers AIPS 1: BADDISK *all 0 Disks to avoid for scratch So the final image cube should have the following axes at the image header: AIPS 1: ---------------------------------------------------------------- AIPS 1: Type Pixels Coord value at Pixel Coord incr Rotat AIPS 1: FQID 4 1.0000000E+00 1.00 1.0000000E+00 0.00 AIPS 1: RA---SIN 2048 12 28 16.418 1024.00 -0.100000 0.00 AIPS 1: DEC--SIN 1024 12 39 58.294 513.00 0.100000 0.00 AIPS 1: STOKES 1 2.0000000E+00 1.00 1.0000000E+00 0.00 AIPS 1: FREQ 1 8.0851000E+09 1.00 5.0000000E+07 0.00 AIPS 1: ---------------------------------------------------------------- The same set of steps should be carried out to get the second linear polarization input image for FARS.