Astronomical Image Processing System
Special MacIntosh OS X instructions
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![[AIPS]](/aips.gif) |
The 31DEC09 version of AIPS
is available as our active development version. It is likely to
change on a daily, weekly, and monthly basis. The older 31DEC08 version is "frozen"
although some patches for it may be made. They both contain a ports
to the MacIntosh OS X (Darwin) operating system for PPC and Intel
cpus. These ports are still relatively new and the code and
instructions below are likely to need revisions as more experience is
obtained. In particular, users doing a text
installation will need to follow new instructions to install the full
set of GNU compilers and readline from GNU-provided source code.
However, a binary installation is now available, including the update
process known as the "Midnight Job." The binary installation provides
load modules and run-time libraries build by the (somewhat expensive)
IBM xlf or Intel ifort compilers. These executables appear to run
up to 50% faster than those produced by the GNU compilers.
Many thanks to Kristy Dyer and Michael Rupen of NRAO who loaned an
iBook computer for this development and who provided much need help
and encouragement in the process. Boyd Waters (NRAO) and Miguel F.
Morales (MIT) also provided considerable advice. Juan Cabanela (St.
Cloud State University) has been at the forefront in dealing with
problems in more recent versions. A number of other Mac owners have
also contributed time and effort. Wes Young of the NRAO AIPS Group
has been instrumental in developing the binary installation process
and debugging recent OS/X issues.
Table of Contents
Binary installations of AIPS will need the basic tools "cvs" and
"XWindows" in non-developer form. If you are doing a text
installation, i.e. are compiling the code yourself, then you will need
Fortran and C compilers and a variety of software developers tools
including those for XWindows.
- Mac OS X Developer Tools: You will need the basic software
developers' kit from Apple. It contains the C compiler and
lots of other goodies, and is available for free. The
developers' kit may be available in
"/Applicatons/Installers/Developer Tools". Use the finder to
see if it's there, click on Applications, then Installers,
then Developer Tools. If it exists then double click on the
package icon and install the compiler. If the Developers'
Tools are not available on your hard drive, they may be
available from CD if you bought Jaguar or Panther. If you
have the CD's locate the Developers' Tools CD (Xcode disk for
Panther) and install the "Developers' Tools" package from
disk. One final place to get the "Developers' Tools" is from
the Apple Developer Connection (ADC). Details on the ADC are
available at the ADC
membership page, while details of the Developer Tools are
available at the tools
page. Once you're a member, you can go to http://connect.apple.com
site log in and snag the software.
- You will need XWindows for either a binary or a text
installation. With the Panther (X 10.3) version, X11 is
installed from disc 3 of the Panther distribution. The
developer tools may be installed from the Xcode CD.
Alternatively, the sites mentioned below may be used to
obtain X11.
- Apple supplies X11R6. Go to the X11
download page and click on "Download X11". Do the usual
installation by clicking on the icon of the downloaded
object. Note that the version of X11 now available only
works on Panther. Jaguar users see below.
- For a text installation, you also need the XWindows software
developers kit which contains the C include files needed to
compile XAS. Apple gives this away too. Go to the main X11 page.
At the bottom to the very right hand side is, in small
letters, a button to click which will download the SDK.
Do the usual installation by clicking on the icon of the
downloaded object.
- Jaguar users may obtain X11 via sourceforge. The easiest way
to do this is to grab
XonX. Go to XonX
homepage and get
Download of X11 4.3.0. That is a simple Mac Installer
based package for installing X11 including all the libraries.
Next, you need a simple Xserver window server. The most
"mac-like" one other than Apple's is OroborusX available at:
Oroborus
homepage. It provides a nice installer and users can
then just double click the OroborusX application to launch
their X11 server.
- Download the GNU tar balls from GNU or, more simply, from NRAO. They are
gcc-3.3.2.tar.gz
(31548232 bytes) and
readline-4.3.tar.gz
(961662 bytes).
- Disable the line
source /sw/bin/init.csh; rehash
from your account's .tcshrc, .cshrc, or
.bashrc file if present.
Note that this may have dire consequences for other
Fink-supplied utilities and is probably not needed any more.
The default Fink gcc has also been of an acceptabloe flavor
of late.
- Install the compilers using
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gnu
gnumake bootstrap
sudo gnumake install
- Install readline using
export CC=/usr/local/gnu/bin/gcc
or
setenv CC /usr/local/gnu/bin/gcc
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gnu --with-curses --disable-shared
gnumake
sudo gnumake install
- IBM sells a Mac OS/X version of their xlf compiler. This
has produced improved performance in our tests and is now
understood in
$SYSLOCAL files
CCOPTS.SH, FDEFAULT.SH, and
LDOPTS.SH.
- Go to IBM
and fill out their marketing survey to get a temporary free
trial version of the compiler.
- Install it following IBM's instructions.
- We have made binary versions of the Mac load modules build
with the xlf compiler available to our users, including the
necessary run-time libraries. This is now offered for the
31DEC05 and later releases.
- The file systems that you use for AIPS should be fully
modern ones. Please use "MACos extended, with lower-case
support" file systems. The "FAT32" file system does not allow,
among other things, the rename system operation which AIPS
requires.
- Following the instructions for
installing the 31DEC09 version of AIPS. After
install.pl has been downloaded, it will need to
be made executable. Run it with the command perl
install.pl or edit it to set /usr/bin/perl rather than
/usr/local/bin/perl in its first line. (The command
perl install.pl -n is used for the binary
installation.)
- Make sure on screen 10 that readline points to the
/usr/local/gnu/libreadline.a version.
- When the installation has finished, copy /etc/services to
some area you own and edit it, adding the lines
sssin 5000/tcp SSSIN # AIPS TV server
ssslock 5002/tcp SSSLOCK # AIPS TV Lock
msgserv 5008/tcp MSGSERV # AIPS Message Server
tekserv 5009/tcp TEKSERV # AIPS TekServer
aipsmt0 5010/tcp AIPSMT0 # AIPS remote FITS disk access
aipsmt1 5011/tcp AIPSMT1 # AIPS remote tape 1
aipsmt2 5012/tcp AIPSMT2 # AIPS remote tape 2
You will have to comment out some conflicting services, all
of which we believe are obsolete. Then
sudo cp services /etc
and enter your password when required.
- Start up
/Applications/X11.ap/Contents/MacOS/X11.
- In the xterm that this creates, type the aips command line
and begin your aips session.
- If things do not work properly, e.g. the TV does not start,
see the AIPS Manager FAQ for
suggestions. On leopard systems, you will need to reset the
DISPLAY environment variable
export DISPLAY=localhost:0or
setenv DISPLAY localhost:0
in the xterm that you run aips from to get the local tv.
- The default Mac system limits shared memory pages to 4
Mbytes. When XAS starts it tells you that it is making a
screen x pixels by y pixels. The memory you will need is at
least
4 x y bytes. For the new large screens
this is more than 8 Mbytes. On Panther stsems (X 10.3), you
can change this limit by changing (as root or admin) the rc
file in /etc, adjusting the kern.sysv.shm* line
to
#Setting the shared memory to something a bit more reasonable.
sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmmax=10485760
sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmmin=1
sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmmni=32
sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmseg=8
sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmall=4096
- On the latest "leopard" systems, /etc/rc is gone and
creating it will have no effect. You need to create an
/etc/sysctl.conf file and put the values in it,
kern.sysv.shmmax=10485760
kern.sysv.shmmin=1
kern.sysv.shmmni=32
kern.sysv.shmseg=8
kern.sysv.shmall=4096
You should use the values you had when you were running
tiger. Those could be in /Previous\ System/etc/rc, assuming
you have "Previous System". So three different OS upgrades
and three different ways to adjust the default shared
memory.
- On older Jaguar systems (X 10.2), you can change this limit
by changing the SystemTuning file in
/System/Library/StartupItems/SystemTuning
Look for the lines
sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmmax=4194304
sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmall=1024
Change the 4194304 to 10485760 (for 10 Mbytes) and
change the 1024 to 4096 (allows 16 Megabytes).
- Note that you must re-boot the computer after making the
above changes to the shared memory.
We have made binary installations available for Macs including a
binary update as part of the MNJ (see below) for both the 31DEC05 and
later releases. As part of the testing for this, we have tested 3
compilers and two architectures so far. Current results appear
below:
Machine Machine Compiler DDTL Y2KL Y2KL cpu AMark
run on compiled on type sec sec min 2000
------- ----------- -------- ------- -------- -------- -----
1 4 4 . A GNU 121-124 1126 16.28 35
2. 4 4 GNU 115-120 1060 15.14 38
3. 4 4 (b) IBM 81- 83 748 9.58 53
5. 4 5 (gen) IBM 77- 79 748 9.55 53
7. 4 4 (gen) IBM 78- 83 759 9.57 53
11. 5 5 A GNU 69- 73 582 9.29 69
12. 5 5 GNU 68- 70 558 7.77 72
13. 5 5 (a) IBM 33- 36 310 4.60 129
13. 5 5 (b) IBM 32- 38 305 4.42 131
15. 5 5 (gen) IBM 33- 34 300 4.46 133
16. 5 5 (gen -O5) IBM 34- 39 313-322 4.66-4.82 >124
The G5 used is hakone a 2.0 GHz, dual-headed machine with 8 Gbyte ram,
3 Terabytes disk!
The G4 used is pippin a 1.33 GHz, single-headed, rack-mounted machine
with 1 Gbyte of ram.
Putting aips on a "disk image" slows things down (e.g. 47 sec DDT on
the G5 with the IBM compiler, 90 sec on G4)
IBM options (a) are -qthreaded -qunroll=auto -qtune=auto -qarch=auto
(b) are -qtune=auto -qarch=auto
all including (gen) use -O3.
The A GNU is the Apple-provided version of the GNU compilers while GNU
is one installed by Wes (~ 3.4.1).
The IBM xlf compiler (expensive) is clearly much more effective on
Macs than the (free) GNU compiler. The license agreement on that
compiler does allow us to make the run-time libraries and load modules
available to our user community, so we have bought a copy and have
revised the install.pl and MNJ scripts to carry out the binary
installation and later updates.
If your site has a need for the current version of AIPS with
updates via the Internet and the so-called midnight job, Read this information. It has additional
information and instructions. Or contact Eric
Greisen for further information.
Since releases of AIPS are planned to be only on an annual
basis, the midnight job (now with easier setup and NO ssh) will be the
only way for AIPS users outside of NRAO to avail themselves in a
timely fashion of whatever enhancements, changes, or new functionality
we add to Classic AIPS.
Modified on $Date: 2008/12/08 22:45:58 $
[Eric W. Greisen]
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